Name of college : Maharani shree nandkumarba mahila arts and commerce
Name : Kantariya Riyansi Kishorbhai
Year : S.Y B.A
Semester : 3rd
Subject : English
Paper name : AEC
Date : 12 September 26
Professor : Mahir sir
Home assignment
● Role of Active and Passive Voice in Day-to-Day Life
✯ Introduction
Active and Passive Voice are important parts of English grammar. We use them in our daily communication, writing and reading. They help us to make sentences clear and meaningful.
☞ What is Active Voice?
In Active Voice, the subject does the action.
Example:
→ Riya writes a letter.
>Here, Riya is doing the action of writing, so the sentence is in Active Voice.
☞ What is Passive Voice?
In Passive Voice, the focus is mainly on the action or the person or thing receiving the action.
Example:
→ A letter is written by Riya.
> Here, the focus is on the letter, so the sentence is in Passive Voice.
☞ Role of Active Voice in Day-to-Day Life
We commonly use Active Voice when we want to say something directly and clearly. It is useful in conversations, messages, instructions and everyday communication.
Examples:
1. I drink tea every morning.
2. My mother cooks food.
3. We clean our classroom.
4. She reads a book.
5. They play cricket.
These sentences are simple and direct because the person doing the action comes first.
☞ Role of Passive Voice in Day-to-Day Life
Passive Voice is useful when the action is more important than the person who does it. It is often used in notices, news, instructions and formal writing.
Examples:
1. The classroom is cleaned every day.
2. The homework was completed by the students.
3. The door is opened at 9 o'clock.
4. English is spoken in many countries.
5. The notice was written by the teacher.
☞ Rules for Changing Active Voice into Passive Voice
While changing Active Voice into Passive Voice, some basic changes are made:
- The object of the Active Voice becomes the subject of the Passive Voice.
- The main verb changes into its past participle form.
- The helping verb is changed according to the tense.
- “By” can be used before the person who does the action.
Example:
Active: The boy reads a book.
Passive: A book is read by the boy.
Another example:
Active: She wrote a letter.
Passive: A letter was written by her.
✯ Conclusion
In conclusion, both Active and Passive Voice are useful in day-to-day life. Active Voice makes our sentences direct and clear, while Passive Voice is useful when the action is more important. Knowing both voices helps us to communicate and write English more effectively.
Class Assignment
● Role of Personal Pronouns in Making Sentences More Effective
✯ Introduction
Pronouns are an important part of English grammar. We use pronouns in our daily speaking and writing. A personal pronoun is used instead of a person's or a thing's name. It helps us make sentences simple and easy to understand.
☞ What are Personal Pronouns?
Personal pronouns are words that are used in place of nouns or names. Some common personal pronouns are I, you, he, she, it, we and they.
Example:
Riya is a student. Riya studies English every day.
→ We can replace the name with a pronoun:
Riya is a student. She studies English every day.
→ Here, “she” is a personal pronoun.
☞ Types of Personal Pronouns
Personal pronouns can be used for different persons.
→ First Person: I, we
Example: I am reading a book.
Example: We are going to college.
→ Second Person: You
Example: You are my friend.
→ Third Person: He, she, it, they
Example: He plays cricket.
Example: She is a good student.
Example: They are studying together.
☞ Role of Personal Pronouns
Personal pronouns make sentences more effective in many ways.
1. They Avoid Repetition
Pronouns help us avoid using the same name or noun again and again.
> Without pronoun:
Riya went to the library. Riya took a book. Riya started reading.
> With pronoun:
Riya went to the library. She took a book and started reading.
The second version sounds better and more natural.
2. They Make Sentences Short and Simple
Pronouns make our sentences easier to read and understand.
Example:
Rahul and Aman are friends. They study together.
Instead of repeating both names, we can simply use “they.”
3. They Make Communication Natural
We use personal pronouns all the time in everyday conversations.
Example:
I am tired.
You can help me.
She is coming with us.
We will meet tomorrow.
These sentences sound natural because of the use of pronouns.
4. They Make Writing Clear
Pronouns connect sentences and make a paragraph flow smoothly. They help the reader understand who or what we are talking about without unnecessary repetition.
☞ My Understanding
According to me, personal pronouns are small words, but they have an important role in English. They make our sentences shorter, clearer and more natural. Without pronouns, we would have to repeat names and nouns many times, which would make our writing boring and difficult to read.
✯ Conclusion
In conclusion, personal pronouns are an important part of English grammar. They replace nouns and names, avoid repetition and make sentences clear and effective. Using the correct personal pronoun helps us communicate our ideas in a simple and natural way.
Article
● Reading Skills
✯ Introduction
Reading is an important skill in our daily life. We read books, newspapers, articles, notices and many other things. Good reading is not only about reading every word. It is also about understanding the main idea and finding important information.
There are different reading skills, but two useful skills are finding important points and reading comprehension.
1. Finding Important Points
Finding important points means reading a text and identifying the main ideas or useful information. We do not need to write everything from the text. We only write the points which are important.
This skill is useful when we are studying for exams or reading a long article. It saves time and helps us remember the main information.
Example: Article
☞ Benefits of Reading
Reading is a good habit. It improves our vocabulary and helps us learn new things. Reading also improves our imagination and helps us understand different ideas. Students who read regularly can improve their language and communication skills. Reading can also be a good way to relax.
☞ Important Points
1. Reading is a good habit.
2. It improves vocabulary.
3. It helps us learn new things.
4. It improves imagination.
5. It helps students improve language and communication skills.
6. Reading can also help us relax.
Here, we have taken only the important points instead of writing the whole article again.
2. Reading Comprehension
Reading comprehension means reading a passage carefully and understanding its meaning. After reading the passage, we answer questions based on the information given in it.
This skill helps us improve our understanding and find the correct information from a text.
☞ Reading Comprehension Passage
> The Importance of Trees
Trees are very important for our life. They give us oxygen and help keep the environment clean. Trees also provide fruits, wood and shade. Many birds and animals depend on trees for their homes. We should protect trees and plant more trees to keep our environment healthy.
> Questions and Answers
1. Why are trees important for our life?
→ Trees are important because they give us oxygen and help keep the environment clean.
2. What do trees provide us?
→ Trees provide us with fruits, wood and shade.
3. Who depends on trees for their homes?
→ Many birds and animals depend on trees for their homes.
4. What should we do to keep our environment healthy?
→ We should protect trees and plant more trees.
☞ Difference Between the Two Skills
Finding important points means taking the main information from a text, while reading comprehension means understanding a passage and answering questions from it.
Both skills are useful for students because they help us understand what we read and remember important information.
☞ My Understanding
According to me, reading skills are very useful for students. When we know how to find important points, we can study a long article easily. Reading comprehension helps us understand a passage and find the correct answers.
I think good reading is not about reading quickly. It is about understanding what we are reading.
✯ Conclusion
In conclusion, reading skills help us understand written information better. Finding important points helps us take the main ideas from an article, while reading comprehension helps us understand a passage and answer questions. By practising both skills, we can become better and more confident readers.
